Week 13

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2007-2008 Texas Influenza Surveillance Information

Influenza Surveillance Report for MMWR Week 13

The influenza (flu) activity level for Texas for the week ending March 29, 2008 was “regional.” During week 13, 86 (10.3%) specimens tested by NREVSS laboratories in Texas were positive for influenza. The percentage of visits due to influenza–like illness (ILI) as reported by SPSN providers in Texas was below baseline. Flu activity in Texas in week 13 continued to decrease in most regions.

Reports from Health Service Regions

Reports were received from all 11 Health Service Regions (HSRs) for week 13. HSR 11 reported the same level of flu activity as week 12. All other regions reported a decrease in flu activity compared to week 12. For a map of Health Service Regions, please visit the following website:

Texas Health Service Regions Map

Laboratory Results

During week 13, twelve hospital laboratories and public health agencies across Texas reported conducting a total of 831 influenza tests (antigen, culture, and PCR) to the National Respiratory and Enteric Virus Surveillance System (NREVSS) sponsored by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). Of the 775 antigen detection tests performed, 28 were positive for influenza A/not subtyped and 54 were positive for influenza B. These results were reported from Bell, Bexar, Collin, Dallas, Harris, Lubbock, Nueces, Tarrant, and Webb counties. Positive PCR results for influenza A/not subtyped and influenza B were reported from Tarrant County. A total of 42 reports of culture–confirmed influenza were received from Scott and White Hospital Laboratory, Texas Children’s Hospital Laboratory, NREVSS, and other sources for the following counties: 

Additional positive results from point-of-care rapid flu tests were reported by providers throughout the state (see Texas map below).

Antigenic Characterization

CDC has reported antigenic characterization results from 35 influenza isolates [8 influenza A/H1, 24 influenza A/H3, and 3 influenza B viruses] received from the DSHS Laboratory since the beginning of the 2007–08 flu season.

Influenza A/H1 [8]

• Eight (100%) of the eight viruses were characterized as A/Solomon Islands/3/2006, the influenza A/H1 component of the 2007–08 influenza vaccine for the Northern Hemisphere.

Influenza A/H3 [24]

• Two (8%) of the 24 viruses were characterized as A/Wisconsin/67/2005–like, the influenza A/H3 component of the 2007–08 influenza vaccine for the Northern Hemisphere.
• Twenty–one (88%) of the 24 viruses were characterized as A/Brisbane/10/2007–like. A/Brisbane/10/2007 is a recent antigenic variant which evolved from A/Wisconsin/67/2005–like.
• One (4%) of the 24 viruses showed somewhat reduced titers with antisera produced against A/Wisconsin/67/2005 and A/Brisbane/10/2007.

Influenza B (B/Victoria/02/87 and B/Yamagata/16/88 lineages) [3]

Victoria lineage [0]
• The influenza B component for the 2007–08 influenza vaccine is a B/Malaysia/2506/2004–like virus, belonging to the B/Victoria lineage.
  Yamagata lineage [3]
• Three (100%) of the three viruses were identified as belonging to the B/Yamagata lineage of viruses.
  

These results are very similar to national antigenic characterization results. The national results may be found in the CDC weekly flu report at  http://www.cdc.gov/flu/weekly/. The DSHS Laboratory sends a representative sample of influenza viruses to the CDC throughout the flu season.

Influenza–Associated Pediatric Mortality

One influenza–associated pediatric fatality was reported during MMWR week 13, but the death occurred in MMWR week 6 (week ending February 9, 2008). The death occurred in a 3–year–old resident of Health Service Region 6/5S without significant underlying medical conditions. The child tested positive for influenza B by rapid flu test. In addition to influenza, the child had bacterial and viral coinfections. It is unknown whether the child received an influenza vaccination for the current season. As of week 13, Texas has reported seven influenza–associated pediatric deaths in the 2007-08 influenza season.

School Closures and Institutional Outbreaks

No school closures or institutional outbreaks were reported during week 13.

Sentinel Provider Surveillance Network

Seventy–five sentinel providers in Texas reported data to the U.S. Influenza Sentinel Provider Surveillance System (SPSN) on patients with influenza–like illness (ILI) and total patients seen for any reason during week 13. Of the 74 providers who reported seeing patients during week 13, 41 (55.4%) saw at least one patient with ILI. Of all patient visits during this week, 3.69% were due to ILI. The ILI baseline for the West South Central Region (Arkansas, Louisiana, Oklahoma, and Texas) of the United States is 4.3% for the 2007–2008 season. The baseline is the mean percentage of patient visits for ILI during non-influenza weeks for the previous three seasons plus two standard deviations.

National Influenza Activity Map   

For more information on flu surveillance activities in the State of Texas, please visit our main surveillance page.

The map showing influenza activity in the State of Texas for MMWR week 13:

*Influenza activity level corresponds to current MMWR week only and does not reflect previous weeks' activity.

2007-2008 Texas Influenza Surveillance Information - Flu Reports

For the week ending:
10/06/07, 10/13/07, 10/20/07, 10/27/07, 11/03/07, 11/10/07, 11/17/07, 11/24/07, 12/01/07, 12/08/07, 12/15/07, 12/22/07, 12/29/07, 01/05/08, 01/12/08, 01/19/08, 01/26/08, 02/02/08, 02/09/08, 02/16/08, 02/23/08, 03/01/08, 03/08/08, 03/15/08, 03/22/08, 04/05/08, 04/12/08, 04/19/08, 04/26/08, 05/03/08, 05/10/08, 05/17/08

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